A última capital planejada do século XX: o projeto de Palmas e sua condição moderna

The ‘last planned capital of the XXth century’: Palmas project (1989) and its modern condition In the context of contemporary urbanistic thought, the theme “planned capital cities in Brazil” tends to lead our focus to the symbolic experience of Brasilia construction, besides references to Goiania, created by Atilio Correia Lima’s plan (1933), and also Belo Horizonte, the new capital of Minas Gerais state, which was th planned in the end of the XIX century (1895), among others. However, there seems to be a limited th acquirement about the entitled “last planned capital of the XX century”: Palmas, capital of Tocantins state, situated in the brazilian north region. In the present article, our effort is to place Palmas project on the discussions particularly referred to the urbanistic thought in the end of the 80’s, specially characterized by a peculiar historical moment in architecture and urbanism, that could be defined by the critics directed to the rigid principles of modernism, based on Athens Charter, and the rising of a contemporary thought named by some authors as post-modern, when rationalistic model is questioned, as well as it becomes evident a progressive disinterest on plans for new cities. It is a politico-economical disturbed period, also characterized by a cultural and artistic turning point; the decline of epistemological paradigms on scientific context; and the rising of significant discussions on how to plan and intervene on cities. Specially in Europe and United States, there was an intense debate in order to understand that new historical moment, in which echoes were particularly absorbed by discussions in urbanism area. How Palmas project would reflect this moment, which configured a paradigmatic change for some authors, at the same time for others, it meant a continuation in another conditions? Which contributions does Palmas project present in the context of planned capital cities post-Brasilia, as well as considering the theoretical debates accomplished in the th sphere of the urbanistic thought in the end of the XX century? Thus, we purpose the debate on how this projectual conception can be established, according to its time and the importance of the meaning of its title: th last planned capital of the XX century.